300+ từ vựng C1 tiếng Anh giúp nâng band điểm IELTS “thần tốc”

1. Diplomacy (dɪˈpləməsi) – Ngoại giao
   • Example: Skilled diplomacy is crucial for resolving international conflicts peacefully.
2. Geopolitics (ˌdʒiːoʊˈpɑːlətɪks) – Địa chính trị học
   • Example: Geopolitics examines the political and economic relationships between different regions of the world.
3. Sovereignty (ˈsɒvrənti) – Chủ quyền
   • Example: The principle of sovereignty asserts a nation’s right to govern itself without external interference.
4. Human Rights (ˈhjuːmən raɪts) – Nhân quyền
   • Example: Protecting human rights is a shared responsibility of the international community.
5. Political Ideology (pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi) – Hệ tư tưởng chính trị
   • Example: Different political ideologies shape the policies and priorities of political parties.
6. Global Governance (ˈɡloʊbəl ˈɡʌvərnəns) – Quản trị toàn cầu
   • Example: Challenges like climate change require effective global governance for coordinated solutions.
7. International Relations (ˌɪntəˈnæʃənl rɪˈleɪʃənz) – Quan hệ quốc tế
   • Example: Understanding international relations involves analyzing the interactions between countries on the global stage.
8. Security Council (sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈkaʊnsəl) – Hội đồng An ninh
   • Example: The United Nations Security Council plays a key role in maintaining international peace and security.
9. Bilateral Relations (baɪˈlætərəl rɪˈleɪʃənz) – Quan hệ song phương
   • Example: Bilateral relations between neighboring countries can have a significant impact on regional stability.
10. Multilateral Cooperation (ˌmʌltɪˈlætərəl ˌkoʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃən) – Hợp tác đa phương
    • Example: Multilateral cooperation is essential for addressing global challenges that transcend national boundaries.
11. International Law (ˌɪntəˈnæʃənl lɔ) – Luật quốc tế
    • Example: Adherence to international law is crucial for promoting order and justice in the global community.
12. Soft Power (sɒft ˈpaʊər) – Quyền lực mềm
    • Example: Cultural influence and diplomacy are key components of a nation’s soft power.
13. Hegemony (hɪˈdʒɛməni or ˈhɛdʒəˌmoʊni) – Vị thế bá chủ
    • Example: Hegemony refers to the dominance and influence of one nation or group over others.
14. Nationalism (ˈnæʃənlɪzəm) – Chủ nghĩa dân tộc
    • Example: Nationalism can be a powerful force for unity, but it may also lead to conflicts between nations.
15. Globalization (ˌɡloʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən) – Toàn cầu hóa
    • Example: Globalization has interconnected economies and societies, creating both opportunities and challenges.
16. Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) (ˌnɒn ˌɡʌvərnˈmɛntəl ˌɔrɡənɪˈzeɪʃən) – Tổ chức phi chính phủ
    • Example: NGOs play a crucial role in addressing social and environmental issues on a global scale.
17. Balance of Power (ˈbæləns əv ˈpaʊər) – Cân bằng quyền lực
    • Example: The balance of power among nations can influence geopolitical stability and conflicts.
18. International Cooperation (ˌɪntəˈnæʃənl koʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃən) – Hợp tác quốc tế
    • Example: International cooperation is essential for addressing shared challenges such as public health crises.
19. Migrant Crisis (ˈmaɪɡrənt ˈkraɪsɪs) – Khủng hoảng di cư
    • Example: The migrant crisis highlights the need for international collaboration in managing refugee flows.
20. Political Instability (pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪnstəˈbɪləti) – Bất ổn chính trị
    • Example: Political instability can have far-reaching consequences for a country’s development and security.
21. International Sanctions (ˌɪntəˈnæʃənl ˈsæŋkʃənz) – Trừng phạt quốc tế
    • Example: International sanctions are often imposed to pressure nations into changing their policies or behavior.
22. Deterrence Policy (dɪˈtɜrəns ˈpɒləsi) – Chính sách răn đe
    • Example: A deterrence policy aims to prevent aggression by convincing potential adversaries of the high cost of their actions.
23. Crisis Management (ˈkraɪsɪs ˈmænɪdʒmənt) – Quản lý khủng hoảng
    • Example: Effective crisis management requires swift and coordinated responses from the international community.
24. Non-Proliferation Treaty (ˌnɒn prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən ˈtriːti) – Hiệp ước không phổ biến vũ khí hạt nhân
    • Example: The Non-Proliferation Treaty aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons to non-nuclear-armed states.
25. Political Dissent (pəˈlɪtɪkəl dɪˈsɛnt) – Bất đồng chính kiến
    • Example: Political dissent is an essential aspect of democracy, allowing citizens to express opposition to government policies.
26. Regime Change (reɪˈʒiːm ʧeɪndʒ) – Thay đổi chế độ
    • Example: Calls for regime change often arise in response to human rights abuses or political repression.
27. Statecraft (ˈsteɪtˌkræft) – Thuật quản lý nhà nước
    • Example: Statecraft involves the art of governance and strategic decision-making at the national level.
28. Political Activism (pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈæktɪvɪzəm) – Hoạt động chính trị
    • Example: Political activism plays a crucial role in advocating for social and political change.
29. Transnational Issues (trænsˈnæʃənl ˈɪʃuːz) – Vấn đề xuyên quốc gia
    • Example: Transnational issues, such as climate change and terrorism, require global cooperation for effective solutions.

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Từ vựng C1 tiếng Anh chủ đề Biến đổi khí hậu

Biến đổi khí hậu là một chủ đề nóng trong các bài thi học thuật. Nắm vững bộ từ vựng dưới đây sẽ giúp bạn diễn đạt ý tưởng một cách chính xác và thuyết phục.

1. Climate Change (ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ) – Biến đổi khí hậu
   • Example: Climate change poses a significant threat to global ecosystems and human societies.
2. Global Warming (ˈɡloʊbl ˈwɔrmɪŋ) – Nóng lên toàn cầu
   • Example: The scientific community is deeply concerned about the accelerated pace of global warming.
3. Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ˈɡriːnˌhaʊs ɡæs ɪˈmɪʃənz) – Khí thải nhà kính
   • Example: Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are critical for mitigating climate change.
4. Carbon Footprint (ˈkɑːrbən ˈfʊtˌprɪnt) – Dấu chân carbon
   • Example: Individuals can reduce their carbon footprint by adopting sustainable lifestyle choices.
5. Renewable Energy (rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈɛnərdʒi) – Năng lượng tái tạo
   • Example: Governments worldwide are investing in research to harness the potential of renewable energy sources.
6. Sustainable Development (səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈvɛləpmənt) – Phát triển bền vững
   • Example: Sustainable development requires balancing economic growth with environmental conservation.
7. Melting Ice Caps (ˈmɛltɪŋ aɪs kæps) – Tan băng ở các chỏm băng
   • Example: The melting ice caps are contributing to rising sea levels and threatening coastal communities.
8. Rising Sea Levels (ˈraɪzɪŋ siː ˈlɛvəlz) – Mực nước biển dâng
   • Example: Rising sea levels are a direct consequence of global warming and climate change.
9. Deforestation (ˌdiːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃən) – Nạn phá rừng
   • Example: Deforestation in the Amazon rainforest has severe implications for biodiversity and climate patterns.
10. Ocean Acidification (ˈoʊʃən əˌsɪdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən) – Axit hóa đại dương
    • Example: The process of ocean acidification poses a threat to marine life, particularly coral reefs.
11. Mitigation Strategies (ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən ˈstrætədʒiz) – Chiến lược giảm thiểu
    • Example: Governments must implement effective mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of climate change.
12. Adaptation Measures (ˌædæpˈteɪʃən ˈmɛʒərz) – Biện pháp thích ứng
    • Example: Coastal communities are adopting adaptation measures to cope with the increasing frequency of storms.
13. COP26 (Conference of the Parties) (ˈkɒp ˈtwɛn.ti sɪks) – Hội nghị các bên COP26
    • Example: The recent COP26 conference aimed to address pressing issues related to climate change on a global scale.
14. Biodiversity Loss (ˌbaɪoʊdaɪˈvɜrsəti lɒs) – Suy giảm đa dạng sinh học
    • Example: Biodiversity loss can have cascading effects on ecosystems, impacting their resilience and stability.
15. Climate Resilience (ˈklaɪmət rɪˈzɪliəns) – Khả năng chống chịu với biến đổi khí hậu
    • Example: Building climate resilience is essential for communities to withstand the impacts of a changing climate.
16. Extreme Weather Events (ɪkˈstriːm ˈwɛðər ɪˌvɛnts) – Hiện tượng thời tiết cực đoan
    • Example: The increase in extreme weather events is a clear indicator of climate change.
17. Carbon Sequestration (ˈkɑːrbən ˌsiːkwɛˈstreɪʃən) – Cô lập carbon
    • Example: Forests play a crucial role in carbon sequestration, helping to offset greenhouse gas emissions.
18. Fossil Fuel Dependency (ˈfɒsl ˈfjuːəl dɪˈpɛndənsi) – Sự phụ thuộc vào nhiên liệu hóa thạch
    • Example: Transitioning to renewable energy is vital to reduce society’s fossil fuel dependency.
19. Climate Refugees (ˈklaɪmət ˈrɛfjuːˌdʒiːz) – Người tị nạn khí hậu
    • Example: The displacement of communities due to climate change is leading to the emergence of climate refugees.
20. Renewable Energy Sources (rɪˈnuːəbl ˈɛnərdʒi ˈsɔrsɪz) – Các nguồn năng lượng tái tạo
    • Example: Solar and wind power are prominent examples of renewable energy sources.
21. Carbon-neutral (ˈkɑːrbənˈnjuːtrəl) – Trung hòa carbon
    • Example: Achieving a carbon-neutral economy requires a comprehensive approach to reduce and offset carbon emissions.
22. Sustainable Agriculture (səˈsteɪnəbl ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃər) – Nông nghiệp bền vững
    • Example: Sustainable agriculture practices prioritize environmental conservation and long-term productivity.
23. Environmental Conservation (ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌkɒnsərˈveɪʃən) – Bảo tồn môi trường
    • Example: Environmental conservation efforts are crucial to protect biodiversity and ecosystem health.
24. Climate Action (ˈklaɪmət ˈækʃən) – Hành động vì khí hậu
    • Example: Urgent climate action is needed to prevent irreversible damage to the planet.
25. Ozone Layer Depletion (ˈoʊzoʊn ˈleɪər dɪˈpliːʃən) – Suy giảm tầng ozone
    • Example: The international community’s efforts have successfully addressed ozone layer depletion through the Montreal Protocol.
26. Carbon Trading (ˈkɑːrbən ˈtreɪdɪŋ) – Giao dịch carbon
    • Example: Carbon trading mechanisms aim to create economic incentives for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
27. Environmental Impact Assessment (ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈɪmpækt əˈsɛsmənt) – Đánh giá tác động môi trường
    • Example: An environmental impact assessment is conducted before initiating major infrastructure projects.
28. Climate Science (ˈklaɪmət ˈsaɪəns) – Khoa học khí hậu
    • Example: Advances in climate science provide valuable insights into the mechanisms and impacts of climate change.
29. Eco-friendly Practices (ˈiːkoʊˈfrɛndli ˈpræktɪsɪz) – Các hoạt động thân thiện với môi trường
    • Example: Embracing eco-friendly practices is essential for individuals and businesses to contribute to environmental sustainability.

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Từ vựng C1 tiếng Anh chủ đề Giáo dục

Với những ai có mục tiêu du học hoặc tham gia vào môi trường nghiên cứu, bộ từ vựng về giáo dục đại học này là nền tảng không thể thiếu để thảo luận về phương pháp sư phạm (pedagogy) và tư duy phản biện.

1. Pedagogy (ˈpɛdəˌɡɒdʒi) – Phương pháp sư phạm
   • Ví dụ: The professor specializes in innovative pedagogy to engage advanced learners.
2. Didactic (daɪˈdæktɪk) – Mang tính giáo huấn, giảng dạy
   • Ví dụ: The lecture was highly didactic, providing a comprehensive overview of the subject.
3. Scholarly Research (ˈskɒlərli rɪˈsɜːrtʃ) – Nghiên cứu học thuật
   • Ví dụ: Her scholarly research has significantly contributed to the field of linguistics.
4. Cognitive Development (ˈkɒɡnɪtɪv dɪˈvɛləpmənt) – Phát triển nhận thức
   • Ví dụ: The curriculum is designed to foster cognitive development in young minds.
5. Critical Thinking Skills (ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ skɪlz) – Kỹ năng tư duy phản biện
   • Ví dụ: The program aims to enhance students’ critical thinking skills through challenging assignments.
6. Mentorship Program (ˈmɛntɔːrʃɪp ˈproʊɡræm) – Chương trình cố vấn
   • Ví dụ: The university offers a mentorship program to guide students in their career paths.
7. Multidisciplinary Approach (ˌmʌltiˌdɪsɪˈplɪnəri əˈproʊtʃ) – Phương pháp tiếp cận đa ngành
   • Ví dụ: The research project takes a multidisciplinary approach, combining insights from various fields.
8. Holistic Assessment (hoʊˈlɪstɪk əˈsɛsmənt) – Đánh giá toàn diện
   • Ví dụ: The teacher uses a holistic assessment method that considers both academic and personal growth.
9. Intellectual Rigor (ˌɪntəˈlɛktʃuəl ˈrɪɡər) – Sự khắt khe về mặt trí tuệ
   • Ví dụ: The program is known for its intellectual rigor, challenging students to excel academically.
10. Innovative Curriculum (ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv kəˈrɪkjələm) – Chương trình giảng dạy đổi mới
    • Ví dụ: The school has developed an innovative curriculum that integrates technology into every subject.
11. Experiential Learning (ɪkˌspɪəriˈɛnʃəl ˈlɜːrnɪŋ) – Học tập qua trải nghiệm
    • Ví dụ: The program emphasizes experiential learning, allowing students to apply theory to real-world situations.
12. Facilitate Discussions (fəˈsɪlɪˌteɪt dɪˈskʌʃənz) – Điều phối thảo luận
    • Ví dụ: The teacher’s role is to facilitate discussions, encouraging students to express their opinions.
13. Independent Inquiry (ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ɪnˈkwaɪəri) – Nghiên cứu độc lập
    • Ví dụ: The project allows for independent inquiry, fostering self-directed learning.
14. Peer Review Process (pɪər rɪˈvjuː ˈproʊsɛs) – Quy trình bình duyệt đồng cấp
    • Ví dụ: The research paper underwent a rigorous peer review process before publication.
15. Academic Discourse (ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈdɪskɔːrs) – Diễn ngôn học thuật
    • Ví dụ: Engaging in academic discourse is essential for developing sophisticated communication skills.
16. Ethical Dilemmas (ˈɛθɪkəl daɪˈlɛməz) – Tình huống khó xử về đạo đức
    • Ví dụ: The course explores ethical dilemmas in various professions to promote ethical decision-making.
17. Inclusive Education (ɪnˈkluːsɪv ˌɛdʒʊˈkeɪʃən) – Giáo dục hòa nhập
    • Ví dụ: The school is committed to inclusive education, ensuring that all students have equal opportunities.
18. Literacy Proficiency (ˈlɪtərəsi prəˈfɪʃənsi) – Trình độ học vấn (đọc viết)
    • Ví dụ: The literacy proficiency of students is a key focus in the language arts curriculum.
19. Empirical Evidence (ɛmˈpɪrɪkəl ˈɛvɪdəns) – Bằng chứng thực nghiệm
    • Ví dụ: The researcher presented empirical evidence to support the validity of the study.
20. Digital Literacy (ˈdɪdʒɪtl ˈlɪtərəsi) – Năng lực kỹ thuật số
    • Ví dụ: The modern curriculum includes components that enhance students’ digital literacy skills.
21. Intercultural Competence (ˌɪntərˈkʌltʃərəl ˈkɒmpɪtəns) – Năng lực liên văn hóa
    • Ví dụ: Developing intercultural competence is crucial in today’s globalized world.
22. Practical Application (ˈpræktɪkəl ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən) – Ứng dụng thực tiễn
    • Ví dụ: The course emphasizes practical application, preparing students for real-world challenges.
23. Metacognition Skills (ˌmɛtəˌkɒɡˈnɪʃən skɪlz) – Kỹ năng siêu nhận thức
    • Ví dụ: Developing meta-cognition skills is essential for effective problem-solving.
24. Educational Equity (ˌɛdʒʊˈkeɪʃənl ˈɛkwɪti) – Công bằng trong giáo dục
    • Ví dụ: The school is committed to promoting educational equity, ensuring every student has equal opportunities.
25. Rigorous Standards (ˈrɪɡərəs ˈstændərdz) – Tiêu chuẩn khắt khe
    • Ví dụ: The program adheres to rigorous standards to maintain academic excellence.
26. Global Citizenship (ˈɡloʊbəl ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp) – Công dân toàn cầu
    • Ví dụ: The curriculum aims to foster global citizenship, encouraging students to be aware of global issues.
27. Adaptive Learning (əˈdæptɪv ˈlɜːrnɪŋ) – Học tập thích ứng
    • Ví dụ: The platform uses adaptive learning to personalize the educational experience for each student.
28. Inquiry-Based Learning (ˈɪnˌkwaɪəri beɪst ˈlɜːrnɪŋ) – Học tập dựa trên truy vấn
    • Ví dụ: The science curriculum promotes inquiry-based learning, encouraging students to explore and question.
29. Educational Advocacy (ˌɛdʒʊˈkeɪʃənl ˈædvəkəsi) – Vận động cho giáo dục
    • Ví dụ: The organization engages in educational advocacy, working to improve policies and resources for schools.

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Từ vựng C1 tiếng Anh chủ đề Nhập cư và Di cư

Chủ đề về di cư và hội nhập xã hội đòi hỏi cách diễn đạt tinh tế. Những từ này giúp bạn mô tả các hiện tượng xã hội phức tạp liên quan đến đa văn hóa một cách chính xác.

1. Migration (maɪˈɡreɪʃən) – Sự di cư
   • Example: The migration patterns in recent years have been influenced by economic factors.
2. Immigration (ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən) – Sự nhập cư
   • Example: Immigration policies must balance national security with humanitarian concerns.
3. Emigration (ˌɛmɪˈɡreɪʃən) – Sự di cư (rời khỏi một nước)
   • Example: Emigration from rural areas is often driven by a lack of economic opportunities.
4. Refugee (ˌrɛfjʊˈdʒiː) – Người tị nạn
   • Example: The refugee crisis has prompted discussions on global responsibility and solidarity.
5. Naturalization (ˌnætʃərəlaɪˈzeɪʃən) – Sự nhập quốc tịch
   • Example: Naturalization requirements vary, but language proficiency is often a key component.
6. Deportation (ˌdiːpɔːrˈteɪʃən) – Sự trục xuất
   • Example: Deportation is a controversial issue, with debates over human rights and immigration control.
7. Border Control (ˈbɔːrdər kənˈtroʊl) – Kiểm soát biên giới
   • Example: Strengthening border control is a complex task that involves technology, personnel, and policy.
8. Resettlement Program (ˌriːˈsɛtlmənt ˈproʊɡræm) – Chương trình tái định cư
   • Example: Resettlement programs aim to provide a new start for displaced individuals and families.
9. Integration (ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃən) – Sự hội nhập
   • Example: Successful integration involves both newcomers adapting to the host culture and the host community being receptive.
10. Diversity (daɪˈvɜrsəti) – Sự đa dạng
    • Example: Cities thrive on cultural diversity, bringing together people from various backgrounds.
11. Multiculturalism (ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəlɪzəm) – Chủ nghĩa đa văn hóa
    • Example: Multiculturalism encourages the coexistence and celebration of diverse cultural identities.
12. Citizenship (ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp) – Quyền công dân
    • Example: Obtaining citizenship is often seen as the final step in the immigration process.
13. Work Visa (wɜːrk ˈviːzə) – Thị thực lao động
    • Example: Companies may sponsor employees for a work visa to fill skill gaps in their workforce.
14. Permanent Residency (ˈpɜːrmənənt ˈrɛzɪdənsi) – Thường trú nhân
    • Example: Permanent residency provides a level of stability for immigrants but may not grant full citizenship rights.
15. Human Trafficking (ˈhjuːmən ˈtræfɪkɪŋ) – Nạn buôn người
    • Example: Governments worldwide are working together to combat human trafficking and protect vulnerable populations.
16. Open Borders (ˈoʊpən ˈbɔːrdərz) – Biên giới mở
    • Example: The idea of open borders raises questions about national security and economic implications.
17. Brain Drain (breɪn dreɪn) – Chảy máu chất xám
    • Example: Brain drain can negatively impact a country’s development by losing skilled professionals.
18. Family Reunification (ˈfæməli ˌriːjuːnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən) – Đoàn tụ gia đình
    • Example: Family reunification policies aim to keep families together despite international borders.
19. Guest Worker Program (ɡɛst ˈwɜːrkər ˈproʊɡræm) – Chương trình lao động khách
    • Example: Guest worker programs allow foreign workers to temporarily fill labor shortages in certain industries.
20. Expat Community (ˈɛkspæt kəˈmjuːnəti) – Cộng đồng người nước ngoài
    • Example: The expat community often forms its own social networks and support systems.
21. Integration Policy (ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃən ˈpɒləsi) – Chính sách hội nhập
    • Example: Effective integration policies facilitate the smooth assimilation of newcomers into the host society.
22. Dual Citizenship (ˈduːəl ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp) – Song tịch
    • Example: Dual citizenship allows individuals to maintain ties with both their home and adopted countries.
23. Detention Center (dɪˈtɛnʃən ˈsɛntər) – Trung tâm giam giữ
    • Example: Detention centers are controversial, raising concerns about the treatment of undocumented immigrants.
24. Citizenship Test (ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp tɛst) – Bài kiểm tra quốc tịch
    • Example: Passing the citizenship test requires knowledge of the country’s history, culture, and political system.
25. Border Enforcement (ˈbɔːrdər ɪnˈfɔːrsmənt) – Thực thi biên giới
    • Example: Effective border enforcement is essential for maintaining security and regulating immigration.
26. Humanitarian Visa (hjuːˌmænɪˈtɛəriən ˈviːzə) – Thị thực nhân đạo
    • Example: Humanitarian visas are granted to individuals fleeing conflict or persecution.
27. Integration Services (ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃən ˈsɜːrvɪsɪz) – Dịch vụ hội nhập
    • Example: Integration services provide language courses, cultural orientation, and other support for newcomers.
28. Remittance (rɪˈmɪtəns) – Kiều hối
    • Example: Remittance is a significant source of financial support for families in the home country of migrants.

 >>> Học từ vựng IELTS theo chủ đề: 10+ chủ đề hay gặp nhất

Từ vựng C1 tiếng Anh chủ đề Phân biệt chủng tộc

Thảo luận về các vấn đề xã hội nhạy cảm như phân biệt chủng tộc cần một vốn từ chuẩn xác để thể hiện quan điểm có chiều sâu và tránh gây hiểu lầm.

1. Racial Discrimination (ˈreɪʃəl dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃən) – Phân biệt đối xử chủng tộc
   • Example: Efforts to combat racial discrimination require systemic change and awareness.
2. Systemic Racism (sɪˈstɛmɪk ˈreɪsɪzəm) – Phân biệt chủng tộc có hệ thống
   • Example: Systemic racism persists in various institutions, impacting marginalized communities.
3. Implicit Bias (ɪmˈplɪsɪt ˈbaɪəs) – Thành kiến ngầm
   • Example: Implicit bias can influence decision-making, even when individuals are unaware of it.
4. Stereotype (ˈstɛriəˌtaɪp) – Định kiến, khuôn mẫu
   • Example: Stereotypes can perpetuate harmful narratives and contribute to racial profiling.
5. Prejudice (ˈprɛdʒʊdɪs) – Định kiến, thành kiến
   • Example: Overcoming prejudice requires education, empathy, and open dialogue.
6. Microaggression (ˌmaɪkroʊəˈɡrɛʃən) – Vi xâm kích (hành vi công kích tinh vi)
   • Example: Microaggressions are subtle behaviors that convey discriminatory attitudes unintentionally.
7. Intersectionality (ˌɪntərˌsɛkʃəˈnæləti) – Tính giao thoa
   • Example: Understanding intersectionality is crucial for recognizing the overlapping forms of discrimination individuals may face.
8. Institutional Racism (ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl ˈreɪsɪzəm) – Phân biệt chủng tộc mang tính thể chế
   • Example: Institutional racism can be embedded in policies and practices that disadvantage certain racial groups.
9. Colorism (ˈkʌlərɪzəm) – Phân biệt đối xử dựa trên màu da
   • Example: Colorism is a form of discrimination based on the shade of one’s skin within the same racial or ethnic group.
10. Ethnic Profiling (ˈɛθnɪk ˈproʊˌfaɪlɪŋ) – Lập hồ sơ dựa trên dân tộc
    • Example: Ethnic profiling can lead to unjust treatment and reinforces negative stereotypes.
11. Affirmative Action (əˌfɜːrmətɪv ˈækʃən) – Hành động khẳng định (chính sách ưu tiên)
    • Example: Affirmative action policies aim to address historical disadvantages faced by marginalized groups.
12. Cultural Appropriation (ˌkʌltʃərəl əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃən) – Chiếm dụng văn hóa
    • Example: Cultural appropriation involves taking elements of one culture without understanding or respect.
13. Race Relations (reɪs rɪˈleɪʃənz) – Quan hệ sắc tộc
    • Example: Improving race relations requires fostering dialogue and dismantling systemic barriers.
14. Diversity and Inclusion (daɪˈvɜrsəti ænd ɪnˈkluːʒən) – Đa dạng và hòa nhập
    • Example: Promoting diversity and inclusion fosters a more equitable and representative society.
15. White Privilege (waɪt ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ) – Đặc quyền của người da trắng
    • Example: Acknowledging white privilege is an essential step in addressing systemic inequalities.
16. Race-Baiting (reɪs ˈbeɪtɪŋ) – Kích động mâu thuẫn sắc tộc
    • Example: Media outlets must avoid race-baiting to maintain responsible and unbiased reporting.
17. Segregation (ˌsɛɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən) – Sự phân chia (chủng tộc)
    • Example: The legacy of segregation still influences communities and education systems.
18. Hate Crime (heɪt kraɪm) – Tội ác do thù ghét
    • Example: Hate crimes target individuals based on their race, religion, or other protected characteristics.
19. Redlining (ˈrɛdˌlaɪnɪŋ) – Phân biệt đối xử trong cho vay (dựa trên khu vực)
    • Example: Redlining historically discriminated against minority communities in access to loans and housing.
20. Coded Language (ˈkoʊdɪd ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ) – Ngôn ngữ mã hóa
    • Example: Politicians sometimes use coded language that appeals to racial biases without explicitly stating them.
21. Segregationist Policies (ˌsɛɡrɪˈɡeɪʃənɪst ˈpɒləsiz) – Chính sách phân biệt
    • Example: Segregationist policies of the past have lasting effects on the present-day distribution of resources.
22. Race-Neutral Policies (reɪs ˈnjuːtrəl ˈpɒləsiz) – Chính sách trung lập về chủng tộc
    • Example: Implementing race-neutral policies is challenging without addressing underlying systemic issues.
23. Biased Policing (ˈbaɪəst pəˈliːsɪŋ) – Hoạt động trị an thiên vị
    • Example: Biased policing can contribute to racial profiling and erode trust in law enforcement.
24. Racial Equity (ˈreɪʃəl ˈɛkwəti) – Công bằng chủng tộc
    • Example: Achieving racial equity requires dismantling barriers that disproportionately affect certain groups.
25. Colorblind Ideology (ˈkʌlərˌblaɪnd ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi) – Hệ tư tưởng mù màu (không phân biệt màu da)
    • Example: Advocates for a colorblind ideology argue against seeing race as a factor in decision-making, while critics emphasize the importance of acknowledging systemic disparities.

Từ vựng C1 tiếng Anh chủ đề Dinh dưỡng

Từ sức khỏe cá nhân đến an ninh lương thực toàn cầu, chủ đề dinh dưỡng rất rộng và thường xuất hiện trong giao tiếp hàng ngày lẫn các bài thi học thuật.

1. Nutrition (njuːˈtrɪʃən) – Dinh dưỡng học
   • Example: Proper nutrition is fundamental to maintaining good health and preventing diseases.
2. Dietary Fiber (ˈdaɪətɛri ˈfaɪbər) – Chất xơ
   • Example: Foods rich in dietary fiber contribute to digestive health and help prevent constipation.
3. Vitamins and Minerals (ˈvaɪtəmɪnz ænd ˈmɪnərəlz) – Vitamin và khoáng chất
   • Example: Fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of essential vitamins and minerals.
4. Protein Intake (ˈproʊtiːn ˈɪnteɪk) – Lượng protein nạp vào
   • Example: Athletes often focus on optimizing protein intake to support muscle growth and recovery.
5. Carbohydrate-Rich Foods (ˈkɑːrbəˌhaɪdreɪt-rɪtʃ fuːdz) – Thực phẩm giàu carbohydrate
   • Example: Athletes may consume carbohydrate-rich foods to replenish glycogen stores after intense exercise.
6. Caloric Intake (kəˈlɔːrɪk ˈɪnteɪk) – Lượng calo nạp vào
   • Example: Monitoring caloric intake is essential for weight management and overall health.
7. Dietary Guidelines (ˈdaɪəˌtɛri ˈɡaɪdlaɪnz) – Hướng dẫn chế độ ăn
   • Example: Following dietary guidelines can help individuals make informed choices for a balanced diet.
8. Antioxidant-Rich Foods (ˌæntiˈɑksɪdənt-rɪtʃ fuːdz) – Thực phẩm giàu chất chống oxy hóa
   • Example: Berries and leafy greens are known for being antioxidant-rich foods that support overall health.
9. Macronutrients (ˌmækroʊˈnjuːtriənts) – Chất dinh dưỡng đa lượng
   • Example: Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which are essential for the body’s functioning.
10. Micronutrients (ˌmaɪkroʊˈnjuːtriənts) – Chất dinh dưỡng vi lượng
    • Example: Micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, play crucial roles in various physiological processes.
11. Saturated Fat (ˈsætʃəˌreɪtɪd fæt) – Chất béo bão hòa
    • Example: Limiting the intake of saturated fats is recommended for heart health.
12. Omega-3 Fatty Acids (oʊˈmeɡə-θriː ˈfæti ˈæsɪdz) – Axit béo omega-3
    • Example: Fatty fish like salmon is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, beneficial for cardiovascular health.
13. Whole Grains (hoʊl ɡreɪnz) – Ngũ cốc nguyên hạt
    • Example: Choosing whole grains over refined grains provides additional fiber and nutrients in the diet.
14. Hydration (haɪˈdreɪʃən) – Sự hydrat hóa (cung cấp nước)
    • Example: Maintaining proper hydration is essential for optimal bodily functions and overall well-being.
15. Superfoods (ˈsuːpərˌfuːdz) – Siêu thực phẩm
    • Example: Blueberries, kale, and quinoa are often considered superfoods due to their high nutritional content.
16. Dietary Restrictions (ˈdaɪəˌtɛri rɪˈstrɪkʃənz) – Hạn chế trong chế độ ăn
    • Example: People with certain health conditions may have dietary restrictions that require careful meal planning.
17. Gluten-Free Diet (ˈɡluːtən-friː daɪət) – Chế độ ăn không gluten
    • Example: Individuals with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease follow a gluten-free diet to avoid adverse reactions.
18. Low-Carb Diet (loʊ kɑːrb daɪət) – Chế độ ăn ít carb
    • Example: Some people choose a low-carb diet to manage weight or control blood sugar levels.
19. Nutrient Absorption (ˈnjuːtriənt əbˈsɔːrpʃən) – Sự hấp thụ chất dinh dưỡng
    • Example: Certain health conditions may affect nutrient absorption in the digestive system.
20. Portion Control (ˈpɔːrʃən kənˈtroʊl) – Kiểm soát khẩu phần ăn
    • Example: Portion control is a key aspect of managing caloric intake and promoting weight maintenance.
21. Balanced Diet (ˈbælənst daɪət) – Chế độ ăn cân bằng
    • Example: A balanced diet includes a variety of foods from different food groups to ensure overall nutritional adequacy.
22. Nutritional Supplements (nuˈtrɪʃənl ˈsʌpləmənts) – Thực phẩm bổ sung dinh dưỡng
    • Example: Nutritional supplements may be recommended for individuals with specific deficiencies or dietary needs.
23. Nutritionist (nuːˈtrɪʃənɪst) – Chuyên gia dinh dưỡng
    • Example: A nutritionist can provide personalized advice on dietary choices and lifestyle changes.
24. Metabolism Boosters (məˈtæbəˌlɪzəm ˈbuːstərz) – Chất thúc đẩy trao đổi chất
    • Example: Certain foods, like green tea and chili peppers, are believed to be metabolism boosters.
25. Empty Calories (ˈɛmpti ˈkæləriz) – Calo rỗng
    • Example: Sugary beverages and snacks often contribute empty calories with little nutritional value.
26. Organic Foods (ɔːrˈɡænɪk fuːdz) – Thực phẩm hữu cơ
    • Example: Some people prefer organic foods, believing they are produced without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers.
27. Nutrition Label (nuːˈtrɪʃən ˈleɪbəl) – Nhãn dinh dưỡng
    • Example: Reading the nutrition label on food packaging helps consumers make informed choices about their diet.
28. Caloric Density (kəˈlɔːrɪk ˈdɛnsəti) – Mật độ calo
    • Example: Foods with high caloric density provide a substantial amount of energy in a small serving.
29. Glycemic Index (ɡlaɪˈsiːmɪk ˈɪndɛks) – Chỉ số đường huyết
    • Example: Understanding the glycemic index helps individuals choose carbohydrates that have a lower impact on blood sugar levels.
30. Nutrition Education (nuːˈtrɪʃən ˌɛdʒəˈkeɪʃən) – Giáo dục dinh dưỡng
    • Example: Nutrition education programs aim to empower individuals with knowledge about making healthy food choices.

Để thực sự làm chủ kho từ vựng C1 tiếng Anh này, việc học trong ngữ cảnh là tối quan trọng. Thay vì chỉ ghi nhớ từ riêng lẻ, hãy tập trung vào các collocations và cách ứng dụng thực tế của chúng qua việc đọc tài liệu học thuật, nghe tin tức và luyện viết luận. Chúc bạn thành công trên con đường chinh phục tiếng Anh cao cấp!