Live ngày 10.9 – Chiến thuật viết luận Nguyên nhân – Giải pháp cho người mất gốc

Dạng bài Causes – Solutions / Effects (Nguyên nhân – Giải pháp / Tác động) trong phần thi VSTEP Writing Task 2 thường khiến nhiều thí sinh mất gốc lúng túng vì thiếu ý tưởng và cấu trúc câu. Trong bài viết này, Edulife sẽ hướng dẫn bạn phương pháp áp dụng form khung vạn năng, mở rộng vốn từ vựng học thuật và kỹ thuật triển khai luận điểm chuẩn xác để tự tin chinh phục band điểm B1 – B2 dễ dàng nhất!

I. Ôn tập kiến thức cũ

– Thời gian làm bài: 40 phút

– Số lượng từ tối thiểu: 250 từ

– Cấu trúc cơ bản của 1 bài luận:

+ Mở bài: Giới thiệu vấn đề (Theo form)

+ Thân bài: Cần biết cách làm

Cấu trúc của 1 phần thân bài:

1.Câu chủ đề – mang nội dung chính của thân bài

2.Câu triển khai ý 1 – làm sáng tỏ cho câu chủ đề

( Nêu ý + tại sao )

VD: Một trong những lợi ích chính của Tiktok là giải trí vì tiktok cung cấp rất nhiều nội dung, videos để mọi người có thể xem và thư giãn sau giờ học hoặc giờ làm.

3.Nêu ví dụ minh họa cho ý 1

VD: Mọi người có thể xem những video nhảy hay hoạt hình trên Tiktok và điều này sẽ giúp họ được nghĩ ngơi, từ đó làm tăng năng suất làm việc.

4.Câu triển khai ý 2- làm sáng tỏ cho câu chủ đề

VD: Một lợi ích khác của Tiktok là …. because/as/ since

5.Nêu ví dụ minh họa cho ý 2.

+ Kết bài: Tổng hợp, chốt lại vấn đề (Theo form)

– Lưu ý:

+ Viết luận thì sẽ không viết tắt

+ Không nên sử dụng những từ như “ I, you, my sister, my brother, me, myself,…”

+ Nên dùng những từ như “many, a lot of, a number of, most, the majority of” trước các danh từ

+ Nên dùng từ can + Vnt hay will, will be able to, tend to,… trước các động từ

VD: most people can use smart devices to study and work.

II. CHIẾN THUẬT

Causes-Solutions

Introduction :

Recently/Nowadays, with the continuous changes along with the unawareness of the society, (N) has become a noticeable issue to the general public/ people. Therefore, this essay will find the main causes related to (N) and suggest some viable solutions/ notable effects.

=> Bản đơn giản hóa của mở bài

Recently, due to the poor awareness of people, (N) has become a great threat. Therefore, this essay will find the reasons behind the problem and give some solutions/ notable effects.

Thân bài 1

To begin with, although it is quite demanding/ challenging/ difficult to find the reasons behind this problem, (N) can stem from/ come from many factors/ reasons.

The first thing that needs to be mentioned is/is that (+ nguyên nhân 1) because ….

For example, according to Dan Tri Newspaper, 1.000 young people has been reported to be disobeyed the traffic rules and caused many accidents in 2024.

Another reason that also needs to be taken into account is/is that (+ nguyên nhân 2) because/as…

(Another reason is/ is that + nguyên nhân 2 .. because/since/as)

Consequently,…..

Thân bài 2 của dạng Causes-Solutions

However, there are a number of possible ways to solve/tackle these problems.

The most suitable solution for the majority of people/ most people is/is that (+ giải pháp 1) because….

For example,…

More than that, (+ giải pháp 2 ) can also be an effective solution ….. because/since/as…

As a result,…

Thân bài 2 của dạng Causes-Effects

Consequently, all of these problems have led to some serious outcome/consequences.

To begin with, one of the most noticeable effects is/is that (+ hậu quả 1) because….

For example,…

More than that, (+ hậu quả 2 ) can also be a great threat coming from these issues because/since/as……

(Another effects/ negative impact is/ is that + (hậu quả 2) + because/since/as)

For instance,…

Ending :

In summary, (N) is a worrying issue and people should join hands to tackle. Actions must be taken; otherwise our societies will face greater problems in the future.

*Kết bài nếu thiếu số lượng từ:

In conclusion, there is no doubt that …..is an increasingly worrying issue, affecting and disturbing people. As it can be seen, the governments, parents, and schools play an important role in tackling the problem. Actions must be taken urgently, otherwise our societies will face even greater problems in the future. People should have further consideration on this issue.

Từ vựng hữu dụng đối với dạng Causes-Solutions/Effects

• Raise people/the public awareness about sth: Nâng cao nhận thức của mọi người/ cộng đồng về cái gì đó
• Raise people’s awareness about the danger of (sự nguy hiểm của)/ the impact of(ảnh hưởng của)/ the drawback/ the disadvantages of (nhược điểm của)
• Hold campaigns to raise people awareness about sth: Dựng, tạo ra các chiến dịch để nâng cao nhận thức của mọi người về cái gì đó
• To encourage ai đó + to V: động viên ai đó làm gì
• Should be aware about sth : có nhận thức, biết về cái gì đó
• Balance between A and B: cân bằng giữa A và B
• Lack of : thiếu cái gì đó
• Knowledge : Kiến thức
• Information: thông tin
• Poor awareness: ý thức kém
• Poor facilities: Cơ sở vật chất kém
• Quality: chất lượng
• Infrastructure: Cơ sở hạ tầng
• Can be selfish: có thể ích kỉ
• Want to make profits: muốn kiếm tiền
• Regardless: bất kể, kể cả
• Moral standards: tiêu chuẩn đạo đức
• Lead to : Dẫn tới, gây ra = bring about ~ cause (v): gây ra = result in
• Play an important/ crucial/ essential/vital role in : Đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc gì đó
• Join hands to V : Chung tay để làm gì đó
• Although : Mặc dù
• It is quite difficult/challenging/ demanding to V: Khá là khó để làm gì đó
• Face : Đối mặt với
• Suffer from : Chịu đựng từ cái gì đó
• Tackle = solve = resolve : Giải quyết ~ fix: sửa
• Because : vì + mệnh đề
• Because of : vì + danh từ/ V+ing = Due to
• Thank to : nhờ vào = by virtue of
• If people saw the consequences, they might + V: Nếu mọi người thấy hậu quả, họ có thể sẽ …

VD: One of the solutions of… can be raising people’s awareness about the danger/impact of sth.. because if people saw the consequences, they might stop làm gì đó

– The government should introduce laws to stop/ban people from … : Chính phủ nên ban hành các luật để ngăn/cấm mọi người khỏi việc…

– Fine : phạt tiền

– Do sth to prevent ai đó from doing sth : Làm cái gì đó để ngăn ai đó khỏi làm điều gì đó

VD: We can supervise children diets to prevent them from consuming/ having too much unhealthy food ( Chúng ta có thể theo dõi các chế độ ăn của trẻ em để bảo vệ chúng khỏi việc ăn quá nhiều đồ ăn không lành mạnh )

– The popularity of : Sự phổ biến của cái gì đó

III. Ví dụ minh họa

Đề bài: The causes and solutions/effects of children’s obesity

(Mở bài)

In recent years/ Recently, with the continuous shifts and changes along with the unawareness of society, children’s obesity has become a noticeable issue to the general public. Therefore, this essay will the root/main causes related to this problem and suggest some viable solutions.

(Thân bài 1)

To begin with, although it is quite demanding to find the reasons behind this problem, children’s obesity can stem from many factors. The first thing that needs to be mentioned is that many children now have unhealthy diets because they just want to eat and enjoy tastety and fast food such as fried chicken, french fries or soft drinks and so forth. For example, according to the BBC News, 35% of pupils=children in the United States are obesed/ fat because of their diets, which mostly ( hầu như/ phần lớn) contain junk and fast food. Another reason that also need to be taken into account is the popularity of fast food brand advertisements because a lot of big-scale fast food brands like KFC or Jolibee have spent a huge amount of ( 1 khoản lớn = a lot of – thường dùng với tiền ) money on advertisement so it is easy for children to be attracted by these ads. Consequently, children will find it more difficult to resist ( sẽ thấy khó để có thể cưỡng lại được ham muốn thèm đồ ăn nhanh ) the craving to eat fast food. ( the craving for : ham muốn ăn cái gì ).

(Thân bài 2 : Dạng solutions)

However, there are a number of possible ways to solve these problems. The most suitable solution for the majority of people is building a healthy diet because when a person change their hobbies or their diets, they will be able to keep fit and will not get fat anymore. For instance, hundreds and thousands of people in Viet Nam according to Dan Tri Newspaper have decreased the rate of getting obesity by having a healthy and balance diet. More than that/Additionally/Moreover, working out regularly can also be an effective solution because/since/as when people do excercises, they can get rid of ( loại bỏ ) a noticable amount of calories or fat they have when eating fast or junk food. As a result, people can both eat fast food and will not have to worry about ( lo về việc ) gaining weight ( tăng cân ).

(Thân bài 2 : Dạng effects)

Consequently, all of these problems have led to some serious outcomes. To begin with, one of the most noticeable effects is that children can be bullied in schools by their appearance/looks ( vẻ ngoài) because when some bad students see an overweight person, they will try to bully and steal his or her stuff/ personal belongings ( vật phẩm cá nhân ). For example, 15% of students in the United States reported that they have gone through a difficult school life due to their appearance and getting bullied by the upper students/ classes. More than that, heart disease can also be a great threat coming from these issues because/since/as when children consume ( tiêu thụ = eat = use) too much junk food, which is very high in fat, they might get heart disease and will not be able to do many physical activities or will find it difficult to finish tasks in their lives.

(Minimalization – Biến luận điểm và ý thành các danh từ – cụm danh từ)

Consequently, all of these problems have led to some serious outcomes. To begin with, one of the most noticeable effects is the potential of bullying activities; overweight students often attract attention from bad individuals, leading to the problem of bad behaviours such as body shaming or stealing possessions.

(Kết bài)

In summary, chilren obesity is a worrying issue and people should join hands to tackle. Actions must be taken, otherwise our societies will face greater problems in the future.

IV. Form chi tiết áp dụng cho nhiều đề dạng Causes-Solutions/Effects

Introduction:

1.Recently, because of people’s poor awareness, (N) has become a big issue.

2.Therefore, this essay will find the main causes and give some viable solutions/ notable effects.

Body:

1.Although it is hard to find the causes of (N), it can come from many reasons.

2.The first reason of (N) is people’s poor awareness because many people do not care about the results of their actions + (such as ….) , they only care about themselves.

3.For example, according to Dan Tri Newspaper, 40% of problems related to (N) come from the fact that many people do not even care or know about the consequences of their actions.

4.The second cause of (N) is a lack of knowledge among people, since a lot of people may not know or understand the effects of the problems which they have brought about.

1.However, there are also certain possible solutions for this problem.

2.The first thing that needs to be discussed is to raise people’s awareness about the impacts of (N), because if people saw the results, they might stop doing it.

3.For instance, as reported by ACB research, 30% of people showed that they get benefits from getting to know more about (N) and the impacts of it.

4.Improving people’s knowledge can also be an effective solution, as when people know more about (N), they can understand the problem and know what to do and how to solve the issue.

5.As a result, many people will be able to avoid the effects of (N) and join hands in helping create a healthier, happier life for everyone.

1.Consequently, all of these problems have led to some serious outcomes.

2.The first effect of (N) is that it can negatively affect people’s health and quality of life because many people may suffer from stress, pressure, or other related problems caused by this issue.

3.For example, according to Dan Tri Newspaper, many people who are affected by (N) often find it difficult to maintain a healthy and balanced lifestyle.

4.Another consequence of (N) is that it may create social and economic burdens since governments and communities have to spend more money and resources dealing with the problem.

5.As a result, people’s living standards may decline, and society may become less safe, less stable, and less sustainable in the long term.

1.To sum up, (N) is a big problem and people should join hands to solve the problem. If not, society will face greater issues in the near future.

V. Vận dụng :

Bài 1 : Causes-Solutions

Bài mẫu

The causes and solutions of digital waste

Recently, because of people’s poor awareness, digital waste has become a big issue. Therefore, this essay will find the main causes and give some viable solutions.

Although it is hard to find the causes of digital waste, it can come from many reasons. The first reason of digital waste is people’s poor awareness because many people do not care about the results of their actions (buying cheap products and throwing them away after not using) , they only care about themselves. For example, according to Dan Tri Newspaper, 40% of problems related to digital waste come from the fact that many people do not even care or know about the consequences of their actions. The second cause of digital waste is lack of knowledge since a lot of people may not know or understand the effects of the problems which they have brought about. Many people do not know that when throwing away computers or phones, they are not just throwing iron or metals but also a lot of toxic chemicals or pollutants.

However, there are also certain possible solutions for this problem.The first thing that needs to be discussed is to raise people awareness about the impacts of digital waste because if people saw the results, they might stop doing it. For instance, as reported by ACB research, 30% of people showed that they get benefits from getting to know more about digital waste and the impacts of it. Improving people’s knowledge can also be an effective solution as when people know more about digital waste, they can understand the problem and know what to do and how to solve the issue. As a result, many people will be able to avoid the effects of digital waste and join hand in helping creating a heathier, happier life for everyone.

To sum up, digital waste is a big problem and people should join hands to solve the problem. If not, the society will face greater issues in the near future.

Nắm vững cấu trúc và form mẫu bài luận Nguyên nhân – Giải pháp (Causes – Solutions / Effects) sẽ giúp bạn tự tin xử lý mọi chủ đề trong bài thi VSTEP Writing Task 2 mà không còn lo lắng về việc cạn kiệt ý tưởng hay lỗi cấu trúc ngữ pháp. Hãy thường xuyên áp dụng các cấu trúc câu mẫu và bộ từ vựng hữu dụng được Edulife chia sẻ để tối ưu hóa thời gian làm bài của mình. Nếu bạn cần một lộ trình luyện thi VSTEP tinh gọn, cấp tốc với cam kết chuẩn đầu ra ngay từ lần thi đầu tiên, đừng ngần ngại liên hệ với Edulife để nhận tư vấn chi tiết nhất!