– Paraphrasing là diễn đạt lại một ý bằng cách sử dụng từ vựng hoặc cấu trúc khác nhưng vẫn giữ nguyên nghĩa ban đầu.
– Tác dụng:
Listening: Nhận ra được từ khóa trong câu hỏi có thể được diễn đạt bằng từ hoặc cách nói khác trong bài nghe,
→ Bắt được thông tin cần tìm ngay cả khi không nghe thấy đúng từ trong câu hỏi.
Reading: Thấy được rằng từ khóa trong câu hỏi có thể được diễn đạt bằng từ hoặc cấu trúc khác trong bài đọc.
→ Tìm thông tin và đáp án dễ dàng hơn.
Writing: Tránh lặp từ, đa dạng hóa từ vựng và cấu trúc câu, giúp bài viết tự nhiên và linh hoạt hơn
Tăng điểm cho tiêu chí về mặt Ngữ pháp và Từ vựng.
Speaking: Diễn đạt một ý theo nhiều cách khác nhau, tránh lặp từ và giúp câu trả lời tự nhiên hơn
→ Tăng điểm Ngữ pháp và từ vựng kèm theo Độ trôi chảy khi diễn đạt ý

II. Ví dụ và cách dùng
Ví dụ 1
Many students prefer studying at home because it is more convenient.
Paraphrase:
A lot of students choose to study at home since it is more convenient.
- many students → a lot of students
- prefer studying → choose to study
- because → since
Cách 1: Từ đồng nghĩa – Synonyms
Một số từ/cụm từ có thể áp dụng trong Writing & Speaking:
- important → significant
- many → a lot of
- difficult → challenging
- good → beneficial
- bad → harmful
- help → assist
- improve → enhance
- problem → issue
- way → method
- choice → option
- use → utilize
- show → demonstrate
Template nhỏ:
- play an important role in → play a significant role in
- have a good effect on → have a positive impact on
- have a bad effect on → have a negative impact on
- a lot of people → a large number of people
- more and more people → an increasing number of people
Ví dụ áp dụng:
play an important role in → play a significant role in
→ Education plays a significant role in children’s development.
have a good effect on → have a positive impact on
→ Exercise has a positive impact on our health.
have a bad effect on → have a negative impact on
→ Smoking has a negative impact on people’s health.
a lot of people → a large number of people
→ A large number of people use social media.
more and more people → an increasing number of people
→ An increasing number of people work from home.
Ví dụ 2
Technology has improved the quality of education.
Paraphrase:
Technology has led to an improvement in the quality of education.
- improved → an improvement
- has improved → has led to an improvement in
Cách 2: Biến đổi dạng từ (động từ -> danh từ).
Một số từ/cụm từ có thể áp dụng trong Writing & Speaking:
- improve → improvement
- develop → development
- educate → education
- communicate → communication
- discuss → discussion
- decide → decision
- choose → choice
- grow → growth
- increase → an increase in
- reduce → reduction
- solve → solution
- affect → effect
- create → creation
- achieve → achievement
- succeed → success
- fail → failure
- differ → difference
- perform → performance
- participate → participation
- contribute → contribution
Template nhỏ:
- improve something → lead to an improvement in something
- develop something → contribute to the development of something
- solve a problem → find a solution to a problem
- choose something → make a choice
- participate in something → take part in something/participation in something
- succeed in something → achieve success in something
- fail to do something → experience failure in something
- contribute to something → make a contribution to something
Ví dụ áp dụng:
Online learning can improve students’ learning skills.
→ Online learning can lead to an improvement in students’ learning skills.
The government should solve this problem.
→ The government should find a solution to this problem.
Students can participate in extracurricular activities.
→ Students can increase their participation in extracurricular activities.
Ví dụ 3
Many students study at home because it is convenient.
Because + (Mệnh đề)
Paraphrase:
Many students study at home because of its convenience.
Because of + (Danh từ)
- because + S + V → because of + noun
- it is more convenient → its convenience.

Cách 3: Đổi cấu trúc câu (+ mệnh đề -> + danh từ)
Một số cấu trúc có thể áp dụng trong Writing & Speaking:
- because + S + V → because of + noun/V-ing – Vì cái gì đó
- because + S + V → due to + noun/V-ing – Do cái gì đó – Tiêu cực
- because + S + V -> thanks to + noun/V-ing – Nhờ cái gì đó – Tích cực
- although + S + V → despite/in spite of + noun/V-ing – Mặc dù
Template nhỏ:
– because + S + V → because of + noun
→ because it is convenient → because of its convenience
– because + S + V → due to + noun
→ because it is expensive → due to its high cost
– because + S + V → thanks to + noun
→ because it is convenient → thanks to its convenience
– although + S + V → despite + noun
→ although it is convenient → despite its convenience
– although + S + V → in spite of + noun
→ although it is expensive → in spite of/despite its high cost
Ví dụ áp dụng:
Some people have health problems because they smoke.
→ Some people have health problems due to smoking.
Students can learn more effectively because they have access to online resources.
→ Students can learn more effectively thanks to access to online resources.
Although online learning is convenient, some students still prefer traditional classes.
→ Despite the convenience of online learning, some students still prefer traditional classes.
Although studying abroad can be expensive, many students choose this option.
→ In spite of the high cost of studying abroad, many students choose this option.
Ví dụ 4
Many students use online learning platforms
Paraphrase:
Online learning platforms are used by many students.
- Many students → by many students
- use → are used
- online learning platforms → online learning platforms (được đưa lên làm chủ ngữ)
Cách 4: Biến đổi cấu trúc câu bằng câu bị động
Một số cấu trúc có thể áp dụng trong Writing & Speaking:
1.Hiện tại đơn
S + V + O
→ O + am/is/are + V3/ed + by + S
2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn
S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
→ O + am/is/are + being + V3/ed + by + S
3. Hiện tại hoàn thành
S + have/has + V3/ed + O → O + have/has + been + V3/ed + by + S
4. Quá khứ đơn
S + V2/ed + O → O + was/were + V3/ed + by + S
5. Quá khứ tiếp diễn
S + was/were + V-ing + O → O + was/were + being + V3/ed + by + S
6. Quá khứ hoàn thành
S + had + V3/ed + O → O + had + been + V3/ed + by + S
7. Tương lai đơn
S + will + V + O → O + will be + V3/ed + by + S
8. Tương lai gần
S + am/is/are + going to + V + O → O + am/is/are + going to be + V3/ed + by + S
9. Động từ khuyết thiếu – Có thể được…
S + can/could/may/might + V + O → O + can/could/may/might + be + V3/ed + by + S
Động từ khuyết thiếu – Cần phải/Bắt buộc…
S + should/must/have to + V + O → O + should/must/have to + be + V3/ed + by + S
Template nhỏ:
1. Nói về một vấn đề phổ biến
It is widely believed/recognized that + S + V…
→ It is widely believed that technology plays an important role in education.
→ It is widely recognized that education is important for young people.
2. Nói về một điều gì đó nên được làm
More attention should be paid to + N/V-ing.
→ More attention should be paid to environmental protection.
More efforts should be made to + V…
→ More efforts should be made to protect the environment.
More measures should be taken to + V…
→ More measures should be taken to reduce traffic congestion.
3. Đưa ra giải pháp
Something should be done to + V…
→ Something should be done to reduce air pollution.
Effective measures should be taken to + V…
→ Effective measures should be taken to improve the quality of education.
More action needs to be taken to + V…
→ More action needs to be taken to protect the environment.
4. Nói về những gì cần được cải thiện
Something needs to be improved.
→ The education system needs to be improved.
Something needs to be changed.
→ The current system needs to be changed.
Something needs to be considered carefully.
→ The students’ projects need to be considered carefully.
One of the benefits of online learning is that people can be able to study anywhere they like.
is studying anywhere they like
S + V: Sentence – Phrase – Mệnh đề
S: people
V: can study….
-> N/V_ing
Studying anywhere they like
the ability to study anywhere they like
1 lợi ích của cái này đó là dance
-> Câu: people can dance anywhere they like.
-> Danh từ: Dancing anywhere they like.
Paraphrasing đúng cách không chỉ giúp bài thi VSTEP tránh lặp từ mà còn thể hiện khả năng sử dụng ngôn ngữ linh hoạt của thí sinh. Hy vọng chiến thuật paraphrasing nâng band điểm VSTEP từ Edulife sẽ giúp bạn cải thiện cách diễn đạt và tự tin hơn khi làm bài.



